Stage Dies - Compound Die

                        Stage Dies - Compound Die

Ming Chiang is founded in 1994 and specialized in manufacture of precision sheet metal stamping parts especially for the electronic industry. The process are including design, tooling, thread - cutting & wire - cutting, stamping / tapping, post - curing treatment, quality inspection, packaging & delivery and take "Punctual delivery" as first priority.
In order to reduce costs, we design, construct, repair and maintain all progressive dies right in our own factory. We provide a consulting service to help our customers in the selection of wide range of materials from ferrous to nonferrous, plastic and other exotic materials.
We provide OEM service if the field of all kind of Precision sheet metal stamping parts in material of Stainless Steel, steel, brass, aluminum. and other special alloy material.

ObjectsandElements

                                                   ObjectsandElements

Curved surfaces show more reflections than flat and the result appears brighter and more pleasing to the eye.  Also, when you work a piece of metal by shaping and filing you make it look much more appealing than a punched out flat piece.  
                                     

Many things can be dapped to add interst and allow stacking.  This photo shows just a few dapped items including sheet metal, tokens, stars, gears and more!  Even a simple disk earring looks better if you slightly curve the surface.
Dapping uses a die and punches to create a curve in a disk of sheet metal.   Dies are ususally a block that has depressions of various sizes on each side.  They can be steel, copper or wood.  Wood is a much more gentle die and will allow curving and softly move the metal. A high quality steel dap and die set is the most precise die and with a good set of punches can create very precise curves and even pods.
                                                 

For a simple dapped disk, use a precut disk or cut one from sheet metal with a disc cutter or cut with a  jeweler's saw or shears.  Before dapping you need to anneal (heat with a torch to glowing) your metal and if you are going for a very deep dap you will need to anneal about every other hole to keep your piece from getting brittle and cracking.  
                                     

Choose the largest hole in the die and the correct size punch for it.  Put the disk in the hole and tap the punch with a hammer until the shape of the disk fits the die hole.
 
                                                                                    
The cup should look smooth and even.  If you want to make it more organic you will need to cut it out in a less precise shape before dapping.  
                                                  
If you want the curve deeper, anneal and put into a smaller hole, working your way down the sizes.  Anneal between each change in size.  
                                                 
If you want a "lip" you can use a pair of chain nose pliers to curl the edge back.  
                                   
A fun project to make with dapped disks is a ring.  Drill a hole in the center by tapping with a center punch to make the correct spot and drill. 
                                                   
 
 Using a premade ring band, put in a long screw and start stacking.  
                                                   
If you want to add more height use tubing that will fit over the screw to add height. You can cut with a jewler's saw on a bench pin or held in a tube cutting jig.  
                                                 
Finish your stack and top with the nut screwing it down as tight as you can.  Snip the end off just above the nut.  Put the ring on a ring mandrel so you have "metal to metal" and tap the end of the screw down to spread it so the nut is secure.  Be careful not to break the glass!  Use a brass screw it's softer than the steel one....

                       Sheet Metal Die Part

These are cast components used in the die manufacturing in sheet metal industry. They are machined as per the designs and models given by customer. All the required parameters are held upto the mark so as to help in getting the final product as desired. These are all custom made components which call for a very sound technical team having a very good understanding of the applications of the job as well as the assembly.

Sheet metal testing machine (BUP 600)

               Sheet metal testing machine (BUP 600)

This fully PC-controlled multi-purpose hydraulic sheet metal forming machine, is designed for formability testing of sheet metals in accordance with the most common standards and procedures.
Features
Its main advantages are:

• an easy and rapid inter-changeability of the test tools,
• availability of tools for all well-known test standards and procedures,
• low cylinder-piston frictions delivering accurate measurement acquisitions, and excellent reproducibility, and
• numerous modular possibilities of extensions.

These features make this machine an excellent means for performing advanced research in studying forming processes and for validation of numerical models as well as for educational training of master’s and PhD candidates.

The machine has :

• a 600 kN load capacity,
• a maximum clamping force of 50 kN,
• a maximum test stroke of 120 mm, and
• a maximum test speed of 750 mm/min.
• tooling for earing tests,
• Nakajima and Marciniak-Kuczynski formability test set-ups,
• square cup drawing tests, and
• bulgetests.

Although the intention of the machine is to test sheet metals, it can also be applied with samples made of thermoplastics.
Additional equipment
The machine has been equipped with a pair of high resolution black and white Prosilica cameras GC2450, with a resolution of 2448x2050 pixels, and a frame rate of 15 fps at full resolution. The cameras are PCcontrolled by software for image acquisition. A frame has been built on the machine that allows easy positioning of the cameras and image acquisition during testing, thereby providing the opportunity for strain field measurement on the upper surface of the test pieces.

Applications

A multi-purpose hydraulic sheet metal forming machine with 600kN load capacity (Zwick/Roell BUP 600) and multiple forming tools can be used for evaluating mechanical deformation of sheet materials. Forming behavior has to be characterized, both for the modeling of newly developed products, and for quality assurance / production control. This machine is considered to be an ideal tool for advanced research on the fundamentals of forming and formability, for validation of constitutive models including fracture.

Related

Lademo O-G, Engler O, Keller S, Berstad T, Pedersen KO, Hopperstad OS: Identification and validation of constitutive model and fracture criterion for AlMgSi alloy with application to sheet forming, Materials.

Rapid Prototyping Technology - Incremental Forming

    

        Rapid Prototyping Technology - Incremental Forming

 

Incremental forming is not a completely new process, but the modern application for this sheet metal forming technology using CNC controlled equipment is. The process works by clamping a piece of sheet metal in place over a simple form of the desired shape (often made from low-cost disposable materials). The forming tool, which is a rounded shaft is controlled by numeric controlled movement, slowly pushes on the sheet metal and locally deforming it. The continuously moving forming tool will incrementally accumulate the deformation and eventually form a shape in the sheet.
The main application for this rapid prototyping technology is in prototyping formed and shaped sheet metal components without needing a costly pressing or stamping tool. Other applications include rapid production of composite molds, vacuum forming molds, rotational molds, injection molds and even casting molds. The main limitations of this process are that it is a fairly slow process and thus suited to low volume production only, and that there is a minimum draft angle of 30 degrees required on the shape.

 

Roper Whitney Forming Stakes

Roper Whitney Tools (Miscellaneous)

Roper Whitney Forming Stakes

Forming Stakes Series 900
Pexto sheet metal forming stakes are invaluable tools for the sheet metal craftsman. A variety of forged stell stakes and cast iron stakes are available individually, for use in a choice of bench plates.
The No. 964 set and holder combines the variety of forged steel stakes with a universal bench mounted holder.
Bench Plates/Stake Holders
A choice of bench plates/stake holders are offered to satisfy a variety of shop conditions.
The No. 981 and 982 are cast iron, machined-face plates, with the No. 982 71/2″ shorter.
The No. 985 steel cabinet is a 33-inch high free-standing base for the No. 982 bench plate, durably constructed.

Measuring the Plastic Strain Ratio of Sheet Metals

        Measuring the Plastic Strain Ratio of Sheet Metals

Drawing metal successfully relies, in part, on understanding precisely how the metal reacts to tensile forces. When subjected to tensile forces, a flat section of sheet material becomes thinner because of dimensional changes in its width and thickness. The ratio of the changes in width and thickness make up the plastic strain strain ratio.

Sheet metal forming operations vary from simple to difficult; at one end of the spectrum is bending; in the middle is stretching; and at the other end is deep drawing of complex parts. Regardless of the forming operation, the sheet material’s mechanical properties greatly influence its formability, which is a measure of the amount of deformation a material can withstand before excessive thinning or fracture occurs.
Determining how much a material can deform is necessary for designing a reproducible forming operation. Testing the incoming sheet material is also essential because material properties vary from coil to coil and affect the part quality and scrap rate.
>> Plastic Strain Ratio
The plastic strain ratio, r, is considered a direct measure of sheet metal’s drawability and is useful for evaluating materials intended for forming shapes by deep drawing. The r value is the ratio of the true strain in the width direction to the true strain in the thickness direction when a sheet material is pulled in uniaxial tension beyond its elastic limit (see the following figure).

Determining the plastic strain ratio is governed by ASTM E517 Standard Test Method for Plastic Strain Ratio r for Sheet Metal. The plastic strain ratio is calculated as shown in Equation 1:
r=e_w/e_t
Where:
True width strain e_w = ln(w_f/w_o)
True thickness strain e_t = ln(t_f/t_o)
w_f = Final width
w_o = Original width
t_f = Final thickness
t_o = Original thickness
Equation 1 shows that the r value is dependent on the ratio of width and thickness changes as the sample is pulled in tension. The word plastic in the phrase plastic strain ratio implies that you have exceeded the specimen’s elastic limit and that only the strain that induces plastic flow is considered in the calculation.
Because it is difficult to measure thickness changes accurately, it is assumed the volume of the specimen remains constant and the thickness strain is expressed as e_t = ln(L_ow_o/L_fw_f).
After substituting e_t into Equation 1 and inverting it to eliminate negative values, the plastic strain ratio is given by Equation 2
r = ln(w_o/w_f)/ln(L_fw_f/L_ow_o)
Where
L_f = Final length
L_o = Original length
Equation 2 enables you to calculate the plastic strain ratio either manually with a set of calipers or automatically with the use of two extensometers – one to measure the change in axial gauge length and the other to measure the change in width (see the following figure).

If you use the manual approach, it is necessary to measure with calipers the specimen width and the distance between gauge marks before testing. You pull the specimen to a strain less than maximum force (point D in the following figure), unload it, and measure the final width and gauge length.
 
If you use the automatic method, you can pull the specimen until it fractures (see the following figure). This enables you to determine the ultimate strength, yield strength, and elongation in the same pull, which saves time and money. To calculate the plastic strains using the automatic method, you must calculate and subtract the elastic strains from the measured strains.


>> Errors in Determining the Plastic Strain Ratio
If you were to perform an error analysis on Equation 2, you would find that the r value is much more sensitive to errors in width measurement than errors in length measurement. R values that are off by more than 40 percent are not unheard of. Furthermore, the reported values are always greater than the true value. The two primary sources of errors in width strain measurement are caused by:

• Edge curling (the specimen’s edges curl along the length of the specimen as it is pulled)
• Concentrated stresses (the sharp, knifelike edges on the extensometer create highly concentrated stresses that result in increased localized straining at the point of measurement).

Both sources of error result in greater width strains and higher r values
After each test you need to inspect the specimen to determine if it flat. Errors in the r value persist unless you compensate for the curling. Errors associated with sharp knife edges are easily eliminated by installing knife edges with rounded or flat surfaces at the point of contact.

>> Other Points to Consider
For many materials, the r value remains constant over the range of plastic strains up to the maximum force applied to the specimen. For some sheet materials, however, the r value varies with the applied axial strain. For such materials, you should report eh as-tested strain level.
Because rolled sheet metals develop planar anisotropy (characteristics that are directional), sample orientation can be significant to the measurement of the plastic strain ratio. Therefore, you must cut test specimens 0 degrees, 45 degrees, and 90 degrees respective to the rolling direction, and you must report the cut direction with each result.

Sheet Metal Cutting (Shearing)

Cutting processes are those in which a piece of sheet metal is separated by applying a great enough force to caused the material to fail. The most common cutting processes are performed by applying a shearing force, and are therefore sometimes referred to as shearing processes. When a great enough shearing force is applied, the shear stress in the material will exceed the ultimate shear strength and the material will fail and separate at the cut location. This shearing force is applied by two tools, one above and one below the sheet. Whether these tools are a punch and die or upper and lower blades, the tool above the sheet delivers a quick downward blow to the sheet metal that rests over the lower tool. A small clearance is present between the edges of the upper and lower tools, which facilitates the fracture of the material. The size of this clearance is typically 2-10% of the material thickness and depends upon several factors, such as the specific shearing process, material, and sheet thickness.

The effects of shearing on the material change as the cut progresses and are visible on the edge of the sheared material. When the punch or blade impacts the sheet, the clearance between the tools allows the sheet to plastically deform and "rollover" the edge. As the tool penetrates the sheet further, the shearing results in a vertical burnished zone of material. Finally, the shear stress is too great and the material fractures at an angle with a small burr formed at the edge. The height of each of these portions of the cut depends on several factors, including the sharpness of the tools and the clearance between the tools.

Sheared edge

A variety of cutting processes that utilize shearing forces exist to separate or remove material from a piece of sheet stock in different ways. Each process is capable of forming a specific type of cut, some with an open path to separate a portion of material and some with a closed path to cutout and remove that material. By using many of these processes together, sheet metal parts can be fabricated with cutouts and profiles of any 2D geometry. Such cutting processes include the following:

• Shearing - Separating material into two parts
• Blanking - Removing material to use for parts
• Conventional blanking
• Fine blanking
• Punching - Removing material as scrap
• Piercing
• Slotting
• Perforating
• Notching
• Nibbling
• Lancing
• Slitting
• Parting
• Cutoff
• Trimming
• Shaving
• Dinking

Shearing

As mentioned above, several cutting processes exist that utilize shearing force to cut sheet metal. However, the term "shearing" by itself refers to a specific cutting process that produces straight line cuts to separate a piece of sheet metal. Most commonly, shearing is used to cut a sheet parallel to an existing edge which is held square, but angled cuts can be made as well. For this reason, shearing is primarily used to cut sheet stock into smaller sizes in preparation for other processes. Shearing has the following capabilities:

• Sheet thickness: 0.005-0.25 inches
• Tolerance: ±0.1 inches (±0.005 inches feasible)
• Surface finish: 250-1000 μin (125-2000 μin feasible)

The shearing process is performed on a shear machine, often called a squaring shear or power shear, that can be operated manually (by hand or foot) or by hydraulic, pneumatic, or electric power. A typical shear machine includes a table with support arms to hold the sheet, stops or guides to secure the sheet, upper and lower straight-edge blades, and a gauging device to precisely position the sheet. The sheet is placed between the upper and lower blade, which are then forced together against the sheet, cutting the material. In most devices, the lower blade remains stationary while the upper blade is forced downward. The upper blade is slightly offset from the lower blade, approximately 5-10% of the sheet thickness. Also, the upper blade is usually angled so that the cut progresses from one end to the other, thus reducing the required force. The blades used in these machines typically have a square edge rather than a knife-edge and are available in different materials, such as low alloy steel and high-carbon steel.

Shearing

Blanking

Blanking is a cutting process in which a piece of sheet metal is removed from a larger piece of stock by applying a great enough shearing force. In this process, the piece removed, called the blank, is not scrap but rather the desired part. Blanking can be used to cutout parts in almost any 2D shape, but is most commonly used to cut workpieces with simple geometries that will be further shaped in subsequent processes. Often times multiple sheets are blanked in a single operation. Final parts that are produced using blanking include gears, jewelry, and watch or clock components. Blanked parts typically require secondary finishing to smooth out burrs along the bottom edge.

The blanking process requires a blanking press, sheet metal stock, blanking punch, and blanking die. The sheet metal stock is placed over the die in the blanking press. The die, instead of having a cavity, has a cutout in the shape of the desired part and must be custom made unless a standard shape is being formed. Above the sheet, resides the blanking punch which is a tool in the shape of the desired part. Both the die and punch are typically made from tool steel or carbide. The hydraulic press drives the punch downward at high speed into the sheet. A small clearance, typically 10-20% of the material thickness, exists between the punch and die. When the punch impacts the sheet, the metal in this clearance quickly bends and then fractures. The blank which has been sheared from the stock now falls freely into the gap in the die. This process is extremely fast, with some blanking presses capable of performing over 1000 strokes per minute.

Blanking

Fine blanking

Fine blanking is a specialized type of blanking in which the blank is sheared from the sheet stock by applying 3 separate forces. This technique produces a part with better flatness, a smoother edge with minimal burrs, and tolerances as tight as ±0.0003. As a result, high quality parts can be blanked that do not require any secondary operations. However, the additional equipment and tooling does add to the initial cost and makes fine blanking better suited to high volume production. Parts made with fine blanking include automotive parts, electronic components, cutlery, and power tools.

Most of the equipment and setup for fine blanking is similar to conventional blanking. The sheet stock is still placed over a blanking die inside a hydraulic press and a blanking punch will impact the sheet to remove the blank. As mentioned above, this is done by the application of 3 forces. The first is a downward holding force applied to the top of the sheet. A clamping system holds a guide plate tightly against the sheet and is held in place with an impingement ring, sometimes called a stinger, that surrounds the perimeter of the blanking location. The second force is applied underneath the sheet, directly opposite the punch, by a "cushion". This cushion provides a counterforce during the blanking process and later ejects the blank. These two forces reduce bending of the sheet and improve the flatness of the blank. The final force is provided by the blanking punch impacting the sheet and shearing the blank into the die opening. In fine blanking, the clearance between the punch and the die is smaller, around 0.001 inches, and the blanking is performed at slower speeds. As a result, instead of the material fracturing to free the blank, the blank flows and is extruded from the sheet, providing a smoother edge.

Fine blanking

Punching

Punching is a cutting process in which material is removed from a piece of sheet metal by applying a great enough shearing force. Punching is very similar to blanking except that the removed material, called the slug, is scrap and leaves behind the desired internal feature in the sheet, such as a hole or slot. Punching can be used to produce holes and cutouts of various shapes and sizes. The most common punched holes are simple geometric shapes (circle, square, rectangle, etc.) or combinations thereof. The edges of these punched features will have some burrs from being sheared but are of fairly good quality. Secondary finishing operations are typically performed to attain smoother edges.

The punching process requires a punch press, sheet metal stock, punch, and die. The sheet metal stock is positioned between the punch and die inside the punch press. The die, located underneath the sheet, has a cutout in the shape of the desired feature. Above the sheet, the press holds the punch, which is a tool in the shape of the desired feature. Punches and dies of standard shapes are typically used, but custom tooling can be made for punching complex shapes. This tooling, whether standard or custom, is usually made from tool steel or carbide. The punch press drives the punch downward at high speed through the sheet and into the die below. There is a small clearance between the edge of the punch and the die, causing the material to quickly bend and fracture. The slug that is punched out of the sheet falls freely through the tapered opening in the die. This process can be performed on a manual punch press, but today computer numerical controlled (CNC) punch presses are most common. A CNC punch press can be hydraulically, pneumatically, or electrically powered and deliver around 600 punches per minute. Also, many CNC punch presses utilize a turret that can hold up to 100 different punches which are rotated into position when needed.

Punching

A typical punching operation is one in which a cylindrical punch tool pierces the sheet metal, forming a single hole. However, a variety of operations are possible to form different features. These operations include the following:

Piercing - The typical punching operation, in which a cylindrical punch pierces a hole into the sheet.
Slotting - A punching operation that forms rectangular holes in the sheet. Sometimes described as piercing despite the different shape.
Perforating - Punching a close arrangement of a large number of holes in a single operation.
Notching - Punching the edge of a sheet, forming a notch in the shape of a portion of the punch.
Nibbling - Punching a series of small overlapping slits or holes along a path to cutout a larger contoured shape. This eliminates the need for a custom punch and die but will require secondary operations to improve the accuracy and finish of the feature.
Lancing - Creating a partial cut in the sheet, so that no material is removed. The material is left attached to be bent and form a shape, such as a tab, vent, or louver.
Slitting - Cutting straight lines in the sheet. No scrap material is produced.
Parting - Separating a part from the remaining sheet, by punching away the material between parts.
Cutoff - Separating a part from the remaining sheet, without producing any scrap. The punch will produce a cut line that may be straight, angled, or curved.
Trimming - Punching away excess material from the perimeter of a part, such as trimming the flange from a drawn cup.
Shaving - Shearing away minimal material from the edges of a feature or part, using a small die clearance. Used to improve accuracy or finish. Tolerances of ±0.001 inches are possible.
Dinking - A specialized form of piercing used for punching soft metals. A hollow punch, called a dinking die, with beveled, sharpened edges presses the sheet into a block of wood or soft metal.

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Turning Two into One: Safely Separating Double Blanks

When automatically feeding raw sheets, sheet metal parts, blanks and other flat workpieces into forming machines, it is important to separate components and ensure that they are fed in individually to prevent damage to the machines. In conjunction with commercially available sensors, the double-blank detection unit DBD from vacuum technology specialist J. Schmalz does just that – precisely and reliably.

Double-blank detection unit DBD

When you are automatically destacking metal sheets so that they can be fed into the forming machine, it is critical to ensure that sheets are fed into the system one at a time. If two or more sheets are fed into the system, this can result in machine downtime or in the worst case, damage to workpieces. This can result in expensive production failures and labor-intensive repairs. To prevent this from happening, Schmalz developed the double blank detection unit DBD.
The DBD is equipped with a replaceable bell-shaped suction ring made of the wear-resistant and oil-resistant material NBR. The sensor ring is equipped with a sensor holder in which you can install any commercially available M42 (or M36) double sheet sensor. The DBD sensor bracket is both flexible and spring-mounted: This facilitates precise positioning of the sensor and reduces erroneous signals. In addition, this compensates for differences in height, including uneven areas and different sheet surfaces while preventing springs from breaking. By separating the vacuum and sensor circuits, it is possible to prevent leakage in the sensor screw connection. Here, the user benefits from maximum process stability and energy efficiency. The DBD is available with different tooling connections, including quick-change coupling, and facilitates quick, hassle-free installation on loading robots, press feeders or destackers.

Sheet Metal Wall/Roofing Roll Forming Machine

             Sheet Metal Wall/Roofing Roll Forming Machine

 

Sheet Metal Wall/Roofing Roll Forming Machine

Trade Info

Min. order:	1 Set
Trade Terms:	FOB
Payment Terms:	L/C, T/T
Price Valid Time:	From Nov 27, 2011 To Nov 30, 2012

Basic Info.

Export Markets:	Global

Additional Info.

Trademark:	LJ
Packing:	Machine in 40′′gp,Other Accessories in Wooden Case
Origin:	China
HS Code:	84552210
Production Capacity:	20 Sets/Month

Product Description

Sheet metal wall/roofing roll Forming Machine
I. Sheet metal wall/roofing roll Forming Machine consists of decoiler, sheet guiding device, main roll forming system, post cutting device, hydraulic stations, PLC control system and supporter tables.
II. Certificate: CE & ISO9001: 2000
III. Main technical parameters

No	Item			Parameter	Note
1	Suitable Material		Type	Pre-painted or galvanized steel coil
			Width(mm)	1250
			Thickness(mm)	0.3-0.7
			Yield stress	235Mpa
2	Product Specifications		Cover width(mm)	1000
			Length	Any length
3	Power Requirement		Type	415V/3Ph/50HZ	According to customers' requirements
			Main Power(KW)	4	Depend on actual design
			Hydraulic power (KW)	3	Depend on actual design
4	Working Speed(m/min)			20-25 m/min	Excluding cutting time
5	Hydraulic Decoiler	Type		Hydraulic drive
		Max. capacity(T)		5T
		Suitable coil  ID(mm)		508
		Suitable coil  OD(mm)		1200
		Max Coil width(mm)		1250
		Decoiling style		passive
6	Forming Stand			18	Depend on actual design
7	Forming Shaft Diameter(mm)			76	Depend on actual design
8	Cutting Type			Automatically cut and controlled by PLC
9	Panel supporter			2mX2
10	Control System			Mitsubishi PLC and inverter
11	Installation Dimension(m)			13 × 2.0 ×1.5	Depend on actual design
12	Total Weight(T)			13	Depend on actual design
ATTENTION:All machines are customized according to the customers' detail r

     Sheet Metal Work

 

BlueStar Machinery offers sheet metal work and sheet metal fabrication. Because we carry used CNC machining centers, it stands to reason that we have the capability to do custom sheet metal work. At BlueStar, we can replace or create sheet metal parts with our sheet metal fabrication equipment. From chip pans, for various CNC lathes and CNC milling machines, to simple machine panels and complex way
 covers. With over 40 years of experience, you can be sure our sheet metal work will fit your specifications.

Chip Pan Sheet Metal Fabrication

Chip pans are used to collect metal shavings or other debris for easy cleaning. Sometimes these chip pans get damaged, lost, or simply over used and need to be replaced. At Bluestar, with our sheet metal fabrication process, we can make a replacement chip pan in no time. Call us today at 800-558-0670 for all of your sheet metal work and sheet metal fabrication needs.

Sheet Metal Forming

Equipped with two state of the art LVD brake presses we are capable of bending and forming sheet metal upto 2500mm wide and 6mm thick.

We operate an LVD PPEB-EF Brake Press, 80 tons, 2500mm, Back Gauging upto 1000mm. Equipped with an Easy Form Laser adaptive bending system for consistent accuracy of angle. MNC 95/C Numeric Controller. We offer a fast and reliable folding & forming service catering for the simplest to the most complex jobs using direct CAD/CAM technology allowing for automation of folding programs direct from both SAT and IGES files .

We maintain a wide range of tooling for almost any application and can quickly source new tooling as well as arrange for the manufacture of custom tooling on request. Below is a range of the tooling we offer which includes both bottoming and air bend types showing and showing folds produced:

90°	30°	Gooseneck
Flattening	Corrugating	Hemming
Radius	Channel	Offset
Rib	Lock Seam	Curling

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